Git - most frequent commands

The following list of git commands is used on a day to day bases by any developer. Some of them are more and others less frequent, but you will likely use them while working in any professional environment.

• git init - it will initialize a new git environment.
• git clone <repo> - it will recreate a project from the existing repository regardless that being Github, Gitlab or BitBucket.
• git add . - will add all changes from working directory to the staging area preparing all changes for committing.
• git commit -m "Some description" - will move changes from the staging area to the local repository.
• git push - will push changes to remote repository but if two users are working on the same branch and repositories (local and remote) are out of the sync. First we need to do git pull check changes and then if all issues are resolved continue with git push.
• git pull - retrieve recent changes from remote repository.
• git status - will show the status of the current local repository.

• git remote add <remote> <repo_url> - if repo already exist but you would like to connect it with the remote repository. During cloning this is done automatically.

  $ git remote add origin https://github.com/user/repo.git

• git log --pretty=oneline - will give a list of all commits in one line
• git log --pretty="%C(Yellow)%h %C(reset)%ad (%C(Green)%cr%C(reset))%x09 %C(Cyan)%an: %C(reset)%s" -10 --graph - pretty version of the previous one, best if you alias it.
• git blame <file> - will give info about all changes related to the specific file.
• gitk - will give a visual representation of the repository
• git checkout <branch or hash> - switch to the certain branch, or if you use hash you will go to a certain point in the history, if you use git checkout HEAD you will go back to the first point in history
• git checkout -b "new-branch" - will create a branch and checks it out. It is frequently used to create a local branch from a remote branch made by Jira (Atlassian) in that way developer will maintain connection and status between a task s/he is working on and the code repository.
• git checkout --track origin/<branch> - this is the command frequently used to create a newly-created remote branch. Additionally this command will set up-stream in the local .git/config file.
• git reset --soft HEAD^ - reverse current commit to the staging area (point after git add .).
• git branch - listing local branches
• git branch -r - listing remote branches
• git branch -a - listing all branches
• git branch -d <branch> - delete a local branch
• git push origin --delete <branch> - delete a remote branch
• git pull origin <branch> - to pull specific remote branch